&&&&& Code examples from Chapter 2

&&& Common "library" functions
fn ngon!
fn cngon!
fn arrow!
fn flash!

&&& FIGURE 16
fn pipegon! (pipe_rad
             roll_rad
             & flash_len
             theta
             total_angle
             n) -> {
  if lt? (n, 1) then cngon! (90, pipe_rad)
  else {
    penup! ()
    forward! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    pendown! ()
    left! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    & flash! (flash_len)
    & cngon! (2, roll_rad)
    arrow! (mult (-1.5, roll_rad))
    cngon! (90, roll_rad)
    rt! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    penup! ()
    back! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    left! (theta)
    pipegon! (pipe_rad
              roll_rad
              & flash_len
              theta
              add (total_angle
              theta)
              dec (n))
  }
}

pipegon! (60, -30, inv (6), 0, 6)

&&& FIGURE 17
fn pipegon! (pipe_rad
             roll_rad
             & flash_len
             theta
             total_angle
             n) -> {
  if lt? (n, 1) then cngon! (90, pipe_rad)
  else {
    penup! ()
    forward! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    pendown! ()
    left! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    & flash! (flash_len)
    & cngon! (2, roll_rad)
    arrow! (mult (-1.5, roll_rad))
    & cngon! (90, roll_rad)
    rt! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    penup! ()
    back! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    left! (theta)
    pipegon! (pipe_rad
              roll_rad
              & flash_len
              theta
              add (total_angle
              theta)
              dec (n))
  }
}

pipegon! (60, -30, inv (180), 0, 180)

&&& FIGURE 18
fn pipegon! (pipe_rad
             roll_rad
             & flash_len
             theta
             total_angle
             n) -> {
  if lt? (n, 1) then cngon! (90, pipe_rad)
  else {
    penup! ()
    forward! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    pendown! ()
    left! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    & flash! (flash_len)
    cngon! (2, roll_rad)
    & arrow! (mult (-1.5, roll_rad))
    & cngon! (90, roll_rad)
    rt! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    penup! ()
    back! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    left! (theta)
    pipegon! (pipe_rad
              roll_rad
              & flash_len
              theta
              add (total_angle
              theta)
              dec (n))
  }
}

pipegon! (60, -30, inv (180), 0, 180)

&&& FIGURE 19
fn pipegon! (pipe_rad
             roll_rad
             flash_len
             theta
             total_angle
             n) -> {
  if lt? (n, 1) then cngon! (90, pipe_rad)
  else {
    penup! ()
    forward! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    pendown! ()
    left! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    flash! (flash_len)
    & cngon! (2, roll_rad)
    & arrow! (mult (-1.5, roll_rad))
    & cngon! (90, roll_rad)
    rt! (mult (total_angle, div (pipe_rad, roll_rad)))
    penup! ()
    back! (add (pipe_rad, roll_rad))
    left! (theta)
    pipegon! (pipe_rad
              roll_rad
              flash_len
              theta
              add (total_angle
              theta)
              dec (n))
  }
}

pipegon! (60, -30, 40, inv (180), 0, 180)

&&& FIGURE 20
& The mathematics of spirographs
& The "degree of symmetrey" is the denominator of the
& most reduced fraction of the ratio of the two circle dimensions
& And, drawing something internally (as opposed to externally)
& the star doubles its number of points.
& To draw a 40-pointed star (which is what is in _VMwL), you need
& a fraction with a prime number in the numerator and 20 in the
& denominator.

& The other determinant of what the pipegon spirograph looks like
& is the frequency with which you draw your "stripe"
& I believe the diagrams in the book use 72 iterations/rotation,
& for 5º per iteration. That's what's below, but there are many
& I prefer. 45 iterations gives a lovely pentagon in the middle, 100
& iteration is lovely.

& the iteration of these below is s_pipegon!
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (1, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (2, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (3, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (4, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (5, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (6, 72))
pipegon! (400, -140, inv (72), 0, mult (7, 72))

&&& FIGURE 21.1-4: larger roller than pipe, internally
& Again, all are s_pipegon!s
& 21.1
pipegon! (500, -600, inv (72), 0, mult (3, 72))
& 21.2
rt! (inv (18)); pipegon! (450, -500, inv (72), 0, mult (5, 72))
& 21.3
rt! (0.125); pipegon! (400, -600, inv (72), 0, mult (3, 72))
& 21.4
pipegon! (200, -600, inv (72), 0, mult (3, 72))